ІСТОРІЯ СТВОРЕННЯ, АРХІТЕКТУРНІ ТА КОНСТРУКТИВНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИСОКОВОЛЬТНОГО КОРПУСУ УФТІ В 1930-Х РОКАХ

Анотація

У статті описано історію створення та будівництва Високовольтного корпусу, що є важливою та невід’ємною частиною формування комплексу Українського фізико-технічного інституту, розбудову якого було почато у червні 1929 р. У публікації виявлено архітектурні особливості та конструктивні характеристики, описано об’ємно-планувальне рішення Високовольтного корпусу, розглянуто його функціональне наповнення, виділено етапи його зведення та реконструкції.

In the framework of Russia's military invasion of Ukraine, and the targeted destruction of cultural and architectural monuments, the most important challenge is the preservation of significant urban and architectural complexes. The architectural and urban planning ensembles of Kharkiv, in particular those belonging to the epoch of the first wave of modernism, are now under threat of final destruction, but some not only materially, but also mentally. The introduction of significant monuments of Ukrainian culture and architecture into scientific research is becoming an imperative necessity. So, keeping in mind such an urgent need, the attention of the article is focused on the history of creation and construction of one of the significant buildings of the Ukrainian Institute of Physics and Technology (UIPT) – the High-Voltage Building. The building is undoubtedly an important and integral part of the complex of the institute, whose development began in 1932. Most often, in publications devoted to the history of UIPT, the main attention is focused on the Main Building of UIPT complex and the history of High-Voltage building is usually put aside. In our opinion, such an approach is not fair, because the High-Voltage Building is undoubtedly an interesting and exceptional structure with a separate history, with a complex spatial, functional and unique structural design, which were adjusted on the way from the design to the implementation and during the operation of the building. The publication reveals architectural features and constructive characteristics, describes the space-planning solution of the High Voltage Building, reviews its functional content, and highlights the stages of its construction and reconstruction.