ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НАПРУЖЕНОГО СТАНУ КОНІЧНИХ БЕТОННИХ БЛОКІВ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ УЩІЛЬНЕНОЇ ЗОНИ ПРИ ЇХ ЗАНУРЕННІ У ГРУНТ

Abstract

 In construction practice, hollow conical, seamlessly formed concrete blocks are used while erecting frame buildings of small number of floors. When such blocks are penetrated into the soil under them and around them, a dense zone is formed due to which their bearing capacity is significantly increased. The use of conical blocks allows to reduce the amount of earthwork and reduce concrete consumption, also the estimated cost of zero-cycle work. The purpose of
scientific research is to study the stress state of conical concrete blocks under the influence of static load, as well as the study of the formation of a pressed zone while penetrating into the soil. The study of the process of penetration of conical blocks into the soil was carried out in the immediate vicinity of the erected buildings and structures on the construction sites. To clarify the qualitative laws and physical nature of the process of penetration of conical blocks, a
special designed stand was used. The paper presents the epures of stressed state of two types of concrete blocks under the influence of static load. The epures are made using the SolidWorks computer program. The initial data in this case were the following parameters: geometric parameters of the block, wall thickness, material and static load. Conclusions. The study of the process of penetration in the field conditions with the help of a special stand confirms the assumption that in the process of penetration of concrete conical blocks, around them and in the base there is a dense zone with
increased strength characteristics which is formed. While penetrating conical blocks, the area of which is close to 0.2 ... 0.3 m2, the dense zone is characterized by at least the presence of four regions with different densities. The study of the stress state of conical concrete blocks of various types using the SolidWorks program showed that their design withstands tests for ultimate stress and loss of stability occurring under static load. For the manufacturing of concrete
blocks, it is advisable to use the concrete M300 with a wall thickness within 100 mm. Higher grades of concrete are not
economically feasible to use.